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Dr. Samuel Bacchiocchi’s latest newsletter (#190—“What is a Christian Lifestyle?”) is truly depressing. It confirms for me the exact reasons why I left the Adventist church specifically, and eventually Christianity generally. As such, I felt it was necessary to comment on it here. This could hardly be a complete critique, but it is my hope to confront the biggest issues and let the reader sort out the rest on his/her own.
BACC: What does it mean to live a Christian lifestyle in the twenty-first century? Some might question the relevance of this question by arguing that the Christian lifestyle today is not any different from what it has always been, because it is based on the Christian faith which has not changed. It is true that the Christian faith has not changed since it rests on Jesus Christ who is the same yesterday, today and tomorrow. What has changed, however, is the historical and cultural setting in which Christians are called to live and witness for Christ.
Me: What seems to me to be a glaring contradiction is how a Christian can undergo a historical and cultural shift within their lifetime if their deity is, indeed, unchanging and his power is supposed to keep them from changing within the cultural tide. Assuming that the believer keeps his/her “faith”-end of the bargain, doesn’t this necessarily mean that their deity doesn’t actually possess the power as originally thought?
BACC: Our ancestors in Europe and America lived in a rather homogeneous world largely influenced by Christian values. Today we live in a pluralistic and materialistic society whose values are often openly and avowedly anti-Christian.
Me: What history book is Bacchiocchi reading? Christianity wasn’t born in Europe and I can’t think of a Christian today who would point to Europe of the Middle Ages and think, “Ah, sweet morality!” Given Bacchiocchi’s position on the Catholic Church, I’m surprised he can even say such things! The world has always lived in pluralism as every culture has had their own Gods save those cultures strong enough to extend their boundaries and push their Gods on men of alien lands. Animism and polytheism were rampant in the ancient world and still are today. This is a good thing for Christianity too as, had they not existed, the early church would have had nothing from which to borrow its Christ-myth narrative.
BACC: The gradual shift that has taken place during this past century away from a theistic view of the world in which God is the ultimate reality from whom we derive and to whom we are morally accountable, toward a materialistic view of the world in which matter is the ultimate reality from which we derive but to which we are not morally accountable, has produced the secular values that dominate our society today.
Me: Materialism simply states that all objects, being of the natural world, must necessarily be made of matter. Morality is not defined here. For that we must turn to other philosophies. Nevertheless, moral responsibility is to ourselves and our communities and not the matter from which we all came. In the end, if a material God can also be said to abide by a set of moral standards, then we can skip the middleman and petition ourselves to said morality just as He. That is, unless God is the arbiter of morality in which case, we can determine by some strange inner sense that he may not necessarily be moral since moral commands can be tossed about by his whims.
BACC: The criterium for what is right or wrong, is no longer divine revelation but human feeling and pleasure. If a certain action makes a person feel good and gives pleasure, then it is right.
Me: This is a bit disingenuous. In reality, most nontheistic codes of morality are based on the Hammurabi-esque principal of “Do no harm to others.” That the current Christian philosophy once again models the old principles of asceticism that once plagued the church —equating pleasures *wink wink* with sin--is upsetting.
BACC: Christian’s divorce is at approximately the same rate as non-Christians. Christians consume alcoholic beverages at about the same level as non-Christians. Christians watch movies which portray violence, infidelity and perversion like the non-Christians. Christians dress, dance, gamble and adorn themselves like the non-Christians. Christians listen to the same rock music and attend the same rock concerts frequented by non-Christians. In most communities Christians behave so much like their non-Christian neighbors that they are indistinguishable from them, apart perhaps from their going to church.
Me: And why shouldn’t they? As the apostle Paul once said, are not all things lawful for them having purchased forgiveness and their eternal reward through faith? And if they are keeping their end of the deal by believing on Christ in faith who is said to strengthen them, whose fault is it when they find themselves lacking in strength?
BACC: Our own Seventh-day Adventist Church is a case in point. Historically our Adventist church has emphasized the importance of living pure and healthy lives in preparation for the soon-Coming Savior.
Me: Not only is it unfortunate that such people feel the need to live “pure and healthy” lives because a God commanded them to rather than of their own accord, but it is also mind-bogglingly insane how anyone could still believe that the Savior’s coming is, in any sense of the word, “soon”.
BACC: In theory, these principles of Christian behavior are still part of our Seventh-day Adventist Fundamental beliefs. In practice, however, there is an increasing number of Adventists who are neglecting or even rejecting their church standards, choosing instead to eat, drink, dress, dance, divorce, remarry, adorn their bodies and amuse themselves like the rest of the world. Their argument is that the church standards are restrictive, outdated and engender legalism.
Me: Such “standards” are restrictive, outdated and do engender legalism. Their argument is correct.
BACC: The compromise in church standards causes considerable pain to those Adventists who are committed to live their Christian faith according to the teaching of their church In a sense they feel betrayed by those who wish to be members of the Adventist church while at the same time living like the rest of the world.
Me: Why? Why should what others do with their bodies, their wardrobe and their free time in any way concern you? How can you be “betrayed” if your trust was never placed in man, but in the personal God you claim to encounter every day? Please tell me!
BACC: There is no doubt in my mind that church leaders do play an important role in upholding high moral standards. The history of Israel teaches us that leadership can make a great difference in the moral life of the people. Repeatedly we are told that bad kings led the people into apostasy, and that good kings brought about spiritual revival and reformation.
Me: Again, I see this as a fault of the underlying religion. If the God being worshipped is real and capable of any feat, then he should be capable of keeping them behaving as perfectly as he wishes them to as long as they are keeping their end of the “faith” deal. That people look to their leaders is no fault of theirs--that is the human response. Instead, it is the fault of the God who can no longer command their attention. Show me a God who can be sold down the river by a human king and I’ll show you a figment of your imagination.
BACC: An example is the Roman Catholic Church who in recent years has hardened her position on contraception, abortion, celibacy, and divorce, yet it has failed to persuade the majority of its members. Surveys indicate that the vast majority of Catholics ignore or reject the official policy of their Catholic church on these matters. The same hold true in Protestant churches where church members often ignore the official pronouncements of their church leaders. This erosion of respect for the authority of religious and civil institutions should concern us, because it fosters deeper uncertainty and doubt.
Me: Aha! Finally some truth! Dr. Bacchiocchi, are you listening to the words coming out of your mouth? You are actually saying that doubt and uncertainty, skepticism and the use of one’s (God-given?) reason is a bad thing. This flip-side implies that you believe that blind faith, trust and gullibility are good things. In addition, you betray your Protestantism by suggesting that any Christian should listen to a human religious authority on matters of the heart rather than their own hearts and minds which God should have direct access to. Oh, and I just noticed that you included civil institutions in your list where you only listed actual religious institutions. And Isn’t it precisely because mankind is beginning to listen to secular civil institutions that have a higher standard of evidence and also to their own minds, that they are losing the respect for religious authority?
BACC: In my view the solution is to be found not in simplistic ecclesiastical rules or pronouncements about how Christians ought to live, but rather in studying and discovering together what the Bible has to say about the Christian faith and practice. It is important that believers become Biblical informed and convinced about the rightness or wrongness of certain actions.
Me: Fair enough, however, keep in mind that this means you will also have to accept their individual conclusions on the matter even when they come to disagree with your interpretations up until now.
BACC: Today it is no longer sufficient for a pastor or a denominational paper to tell church members, for example: "Don't drink alcoholic beverages because it is sinful." The response of many individualistic minded members will be, "Who says it and why?" What we need today is to present convincing Biblical and medical reasons for the imperative of total abstinence. This is what I have attempted to do in my book Wine in the Bible.
Me: Haha, I admire the fact that you completely miss out on the irony of your own statements. Man should not listen to a church pastor or religious authority on the matter, but they should listen to you (a religious authority) give your interpretations on the Bible’s positions… Good one! How about this? How about people read their own Bibles in the privacy of their own homes without any outside influence save their personal God “guiding them in truth and righteousness” and then we’ll see what they come to believe on the matter.
BACC: This is the conviction that has motivated me to write several books on significant aspects of the Christian lifestyle.
Me: No doubt it has, but you still are missing the point. Writing the book is the same as giving a sermon to your congregation. Both require that the listener hear your opinions on the issues (as opposed to getting them directly from the Holy Spirit). Why not save your time, energy and the appeals for money to help fund your projects by admonishing your readers to get it from the Holy Spirit directly and leave such books alone?
BACC: During the past 25 years of teaching and preaching around the world countless times I have seen radical changes in the lifestyle of people who became convinced by the Scripture and convicted by the Holy Spirit that certain habits or actions were wrong.
Me: And there have been, no doubt, equal numbers of people who have still disagreed with you. But you don’t count this as evidence against the truth of your preaching do you? Count the hits and ignore the misses….nice! Again, it comes down to you not having an appropriate method for gauging truth. When you come to the point where you believe that people changing positions to come and agree with you is somehow a guarantor of the Holy Spirit at work, there’s no telling where you’ll end up! By your reckoning, I am the Dalai Lama of preaching seeing how many people I have agreeing with me in private emails and on public forums. And yet you and I are opposed. How can it be? Is God the author of confusion? Using your epistemological standards, yes, he must be.
BACC: I have learned through my ministry that unfortunately there are many sincere Christians who are sincerely doing what is wrong.
Me: Illogical. If being a sincere Christian means that you have faith in Christ and let him work in you, then any failure must necessarily be the fault of Christ since it is He who has claimed power to make them work anew.
BACC: [Christians] sincerely believe that women can serve as the head of the home and of the church, as long as they are competent to do the job.
Me: I can’t believe I’m still reading your bigoted fucking newsletter. Women take note! Dr. Bacchiocchi values you like a farmer values a prized cow!
BACC: The concern of many Evangelical theologians, preachers and evangelists has been to emphasize how we are saved, rather than how do we live our new life in Christ.
Me: Maybe this is because the writers of the book they hold in high esteem didn’t plan on being around much longer since Jesus promised them a heavenly rapture in their lifetimes. As such, there isn’t time to dwell on such concerns when Christ will be coming back soon to take them away. Nevertheless, why should living a new life in Christ be an externally acquired skill? If kids can learn to walk and do a host of other things on their own, why must they learn such a skill from another fallen human being rather than from God directly who is supposed to be powering them? You’re not taking your own gospel seriously enough.
BACC: To put it differently, the concern has been to teach people how to become Christians, rather than to train them on how to live the Christian life. To be more specific, we have failed to help people understand how the acceptance of the Gospel affects the way we eat, drink, dress, adorn and amuse ourselves, as well as the way we relate to such larger issues as abortion, poverty, pollution, nuclear war, and social injustices.
Me: Man, sounds like you’re in for the long haul! Again, your gospel has failed you. “Soon” does not mean soon, “Quickly” does not mean “quickly”? Perhaps each new copy of the Bible sold should include a complementary thesaurus with the section on antonyms in bold! Methinks Paul, upon learning all that entails “Christian” living more than 2000 years later, would have been inclined to leave the faith had he truly been given the gift of prophecy!
BACC: Many assume that once people have accepted by faith Jesus as their Savior, they will automatically learn how to live their new life in Christ. Obviously this is not true.
Me: God can code a billion proteins in our genetic code and remembered to give us the skill to go to the bathroom when our bladders are full, but he forgot to code for our ability to live morally as he wishes us to live when we surrender to him in faith? I think this negates the omni powerful attribute just a bit. The Christian God = 0, Non-Christian Gods = 1.
BACC: On this central truth of the Gospel [“faith alone”], there can be no compromise. But, although justification is by faith alone, this faith is not alone. If it is an authentic faith it will inevitably bring forth good works.
Me: So, by faith alone you mean faith not alone. Yeah, that makes sense. (Motions to waiter, “Check, please!”)
BACC: Our Adventist conviction on the necessity of good works to validate the authenticity of our redeemed relationship with Christ is based on the teaching of Jesus and the apostles.
Me: Definitely debatable and, by a random sampling of Christianity, both laypeople and scholars, Adventism is not winning this debate.
Look, if good works “validate” ones salvation, and if it is Christ who is supposed to be working in the lives of his people, then he has clearly failed and is, furthermore, a moral hypocrite of the worst kind for denying them entrance to eternal life when he himself made the rules governing its accessibility and yet failed to live up to them through the lives of the faithful.
BACC: It is not the one who confesses Christ by calling Him "Lord, Lord" but the one who "does the will of my Father who is in heaven" that will enter the kingdom of heaven (Matt 7:21).
Me: And yet since the will of the believer is bound to Christ, any failure to follow Christ’s will must necessarily fall to Christ. If it falls to man then this means that man’s ultimate salvation depends on his own ability to follow rules and somehow work independently of Christ’s power which should already be working in him.
As an atheist, I think this entire argument is ridiculous. Faith is completely worthless and heaven should be based upon good works and good works alone. This would immediately eliminate the need for competing faiths throughout the world, all of which are ultimately based on untestable claims. Think about it, why should God care what we puny humans believe is true after all? Why does our interpretation that he is “pink” matter at all if he is really “blue” and can simply show us as much and end the confusion? It would be like demanding that a coworker agree with you that you are the most handsome man in the office in order to secure your help on his project. Why would you make such a rule unless you’re an asshole?
Since legalistic Christians and their God want us to live upright lives anyway, why not just cut out the BS and live right lives? If God is who the Bible says he is, then he is clearly able to communicate with us via our consciences in such a way that he is convincing to each and every one of us. This, of course, means that faith is worthless since our own consciences would guide us in determining the morality of certain actions. As I see it, humans are a morally confused bunch because they adopt the moral stance espoused by certain holy books at the expense of the morality that is already given to them and that resides in their consciences due to their being born to the human species.
BACC: Perhaps it is the fear of being labeled as "legalists" that has kept many Evangelicals authors from addressing some of the specific aspects of Christian living. Even in our own Adventist church there has been a tendency in recent years to avoid teaching, writing and preaching on "church standards."
Me: This is just ridiculous coming from a person who proclaims that he is worshipping a living, eternal God with whom he has a personal relationship. What possible interest would books and other static media have on a such person if what he believed were really true?
BACC: The reluctance to teach members how to live the Christian life derives from the fear that such teaching can cause a sense of guilt and insecurity in the mind of those who do not live up to God's expectations.
Me: Well, the feelings of guilt are certainly real and the depression that follows is even more real. And the constant up, down, up, down leaves many feeling nauseous. Such a rollercoaster ride of emotions is befitting of a cult-leader interested in emotionally attached zombie followers and not of an all-powerful Deity. Joy should be the hallmark of a good religion, not penitence and sorrow at one’s inability to live up to an arbitrary and unfair standard.
BACC: …when persons respond to an altar call to accept Jesus, we try to process them as fast as possible into church membership. We take them through a short prayer, a compressed series of Bible studies on the fundamental beliefs of the church, then we baptize them and give them a warm handshake to welcome them into church membership. After that they either sink or swim depending on their resources.
Me: This sounds contrary to the conversion story on the Road to Emmaus where a guy had been reading the Old Testament and was able to make a quick conversion once he had a few key questions answered for him. So why is there a discrepancy between his life and the life of converts today? And whose fault is all of this? Who told Christians to make conversion a rush job? Considering that the New Testament gives no formal advice on the conversion process of a new Christian, why not change the rules? And why is God such a bad teacher?
BACC: There are two essential components in a Christian lifestyle: faith and works, being and doing, faith and action.
Me: Just in case it wasn’t clear to anyone what he really thinks about the “only by faith” idea that Martin Luther reformed with.
BACC: Sometimes what new converts need most is not indoctrination but a demonstration of how to live the Christian life. There are skills in Christian living that can best be learned by the example of a godly Christian. It is has been rightly said that Christianity is more caught than taught.
Me: I’m just having a hard time reconciling the idea of discipleship with Christ who is supposed to the center of our focus for everything and the idea that we should be looking to other humans for support, instruction and help in doing the very things that God wants us to do. If we can look to other humans to do them for us or instruct us, what’s the point of believing in Christ?
BACC: Sometimes I have felt foolish and at other times presumptuous for attempting to write on aspects of Christian living on which I have no expertise. Moreover some of the topics are complex and controversial, requiring more reading and thinking than I had time to do. Yet my failure to complete this project, does not diminish the importance of lifestyle in the Bible.
Me: I’m just having a hard time imagining why you think you should offer us something after all these years of revelation and the Christian gospel unless they are somehow inefficient in and of themselves.
BACC: The problem is that the books of the Bible do not provide us with an organized topical treatment of all the issues confronting Christians today.
Me: That’s the understatement of the millennia! (You might want to check out the possibility that it’s because all of Jesus’ followers expected to go to heaven in their lifetimes. Never in their wildest dreams would they have imagined that you or I would be here—that their cult leader’s prophecy where he said he’d come back soon would fail! And yet here we are…)
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